International Critical Incident Stress Foundation, Inc.

CISM News

April 16, 2025

KAYLA’S STORY

By: Kayla Wilbert

My name is Kayla.  I was a member of my local volunteer fire department for 11 years, having joined when I was 16 years old.  The only training I had prior to joining was from the Protective Services Program at Vo-Tech.  I became a peer support member of the Butler County CISM Team in January of 2020 to help first responders deal with the trauma from accidents, fatalities, and the deaths of friends so that they will not have to go through what I went through when help was not available when I needed it.  I am here to share my story about an incident that I responded to involving the death of a close friend, and the mental anguish that I suffered in the aftermath.  

June 10, 2016, was going like most other days.  I had arrived home from working the afternoon shift and did a few chores that I needed to do before going to bed.  I remember just falling asleep when my fire pager went off at 3:40 in the morning for a vehicle accident with a male ejected from a pickup truck on a road in our jurisdiction. I got out of bed, got dressed, and responded to the station.  I got into my gear and jumped onto the engine.  When we arrived at the scene, I ran down to see what I could do to help just as they were putting a sheet over my friend Brian.  Brian was dead.  He had been ejected from his truck that had rolled multiple times.  My friend was lying dead on the roadway with a trail of his personal belongings leading back to where the truck started rolling, coming to rest over a small embankment.  We had to stand by on the scene while the police did their investigation and finally cleared the scene at 7:00 AM.   

Coming back from the call, some thoughts started going through my head: Where was he coming from?  What was he doing before it happened?  I tried to brush it off – it was done and over with, right?  I went home and went to sleep because I had to go back to work that afternoon.  Driving to work that afternoon, everything hit me all at once.  Brian was dead, and there was nothing that I or anyone else could have done to save him. 

 A short time after that incident, I found myself backing off on responding to calls because I had constant flashbacks and nightmares.  Every time I got on the engine all I could think of was that accident.  My department offered no help and no support.  I thought the flashbacks, nightmares, and intrusive thoughts of that accident would never go away.  I started drinking heavily.  I didn’t sleep.  I was angry all the time.  Every time I went to the fire station, I was either embarrassed by the chief or screamed at in front of other members because I hadn’t been around or helped at the station.  This went on for 3 and a half years.  I was getting to the point where I wanted to hurt myself to make it all stop. 

Fortunately, as luck would have it, I was out and about one day and decided to stop at a local restaurant.  As I was walking out, I ran into a fire chief from a neighboring department, and he asked me how things were going.  I told him I thought my firefighting days were about to be over.  He asked why and I told him everything.  I told him about the accident, the problems I had with my Chief, how I was drinking heavily thinking it would take the pain away, and how I was having thoughts of hurting myself.  He asked me if I wanted to talk to the Butler County CISM Team.  He told me what they did and how they could help.  I said I wanted to think about it.  The next day I called him and agreed to meet with them. 

Agreeing to that meeting was one of the best things I ever could have done.  We met for almost 3 hours.  We talked about the accident, why I went for 3 and a half years with no help, and why there was no debriefing session after the accident.  The first thing they did was assure me that I wasn’t crazy and that my responses to the event were perfectly normal.  They gave me some good ideas on how to keep my mind busy, and they gave me a number for a counseling center.  I made an appointment with them, and it was the best thing I ever could have done!  My counselor was amazing.  We worked on coping skills to keep me from having flashbacks and nightmares, what my trigger points were, and how to talk to my Chief.  

 A few weeks later, I ran into my Chief’s wife, and we talked about the whole situation. She asked me if I talked to him about it.  I broke down and said I couldn’t because I didn’t want to be screamed at in front of a group of people and embarrassed. She told me she was so proud of me for getting the help I needed. 

 

 A month or so later I went to counseling, and we talked about that conversation.  My counselor encouraged me to write things down, along with the thoughts and feelings I had about them.  I asked about writing a letter to my Chief and she told me that it was a great idea.  I started writing the letter, then texted him instead, asking if we could meet.  I told him three and a half years ago I was traumatized by Brian’s accident, and I wanted to sit down and talk about it.  He agreed to meet with me, and we talked about the accident and the impact it had on me.  I told him how a chance meeting in a restaurant parking lot with a neighboring chief finally got me the help I needed.  We talked for a while and he agreed to come to a follow-up meeting with Butler County CISM, where we talked about my progress so far and the benefits of utilizing CISM after incidents. 

I am still working through that incident to this day.  If it wasn’t for a random meeting outside of a restaurant with someone who immediately recognized that I was in trouble, I don’t know where I would be today. He and Butler County CISM saved my life.   

It was several months before I felt ready, but I eventually joined the Butler County team to go out and help others like they had helped me.  Taking the Assisting Individuals in Crisis and Group Crisis Intervention classes gave me the entry-level training that I needed.  Those classes also helped me further understand why I was feeling like I did and taught me how to use the process that had helped me so much.  I joined CISM to help other people just like these great people helped me.  I firmly believe that no one should have to go through what I went through.  Help is readily available. 

 

March 12, 2025
CISM News: Renewal and Resilience, March 2025

Resilience & Renewal As We Rise By Lifting Others

By: Cheri Castallano

In 2025, effective peer support is more essential than ever, and this article shows you how to make a real difference. It highlights practical strategies for enhancing support systems, fostering resilience, and addressing crises compassionately. Whether you’re involved in crisis response or community care, these insights will help you strengthen connections and elevate your impact. 

Duty, Honor, Hope

By: Beth L. Hewett, PhD, CT, CCISM, CEOLS

Duty, Honor, Hope offers a practical approach to understanding and addressing the often-unspoken grief experienced by first responders. Through the lived experiences of 21 first responders, it provides strategies for managing grief and preventing its accumulation in both professional and personal life.

“The greatest glory in living lies not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall.” 
— Nelson Mandela

The ICISF World Congress 18 Is Almost Here!

Join us at the World Congress, a biannual conference uniting global Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) experts to share the latest research, effective interventions and peer support strategies to build resilience and enhance well-being.

Crisis Journal Article of The Month

“Renewal requires opening yourself up to new ways of thinking and living.”
— Deborah Day
March 6, 2025

Resilience & Renewal As We Rise By Lifting Others

Define & Refine Peer Support in 2025

By: Cherie Castellano

Post Covid, an unprecedented number of people suffering from mental health and addiction issues combined with our behavioral health provider shortage across the country created a perfect storm for peer support expansion. For decades, the ICISF has led the world in Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) services that are culturally competent for first responders offering advanced training as the ultimate peer support postvention service provision in the world. Since that time it has become clear to me that defining peer support is often a challenge amongst first responders, civilians and behavioral healthcare providers now embracing crisis response and peer support more than ever in our country. 

In 2023, Dr Everly and I created “Crisis Informed Peer Paracounseling” a peer intervention designed to fill the gap in the CiSM continuum after a crisis debriefing group to offer 1:1 peer support when providers are not available but connection should be sustained. For over 26 years, I have been fortunate to have created and led more than twenty peer support programs for police, firefighters, EMS, military, veterans, teachers, caregivers, nurses, child welfare workers and moms of special needs children as well as several other high risk populations in need of  peer support.  

In my first article “Reciprocal Peer Support: A Not So Random Act Of Kindness”, it described a decade of first responder peer support insights about structured tasks highlighting how we provide peer support and experience positive emotions and renewed resilience. The impact of providing peer support is real as we rise by lifting others.

In a book I co-authored with Dr. Everly, we offered 9/11 lessons learned in our “Ten Commandments of Psychological Counterterrorism“ and it resonated in my recent crisis response peer program for The National Police of Ukraine to address complex trauma. In the wake of the war in Afghanistan a military veteran based peer support application for Yellow Ribbon transition events was effective as a  large group crisis management briefing adaptation for OEF/OIF returning soldiers. 

Following the mass shooting in Vegas, the Route 91 survivors needed peer support so we collaborated with community leaders to create a “Trauma informed Peer Model” to navigate incident specific trauma. Two years ago, my family and I lost our home in a house fire and I needed a way to connect to survivors so I adapted to create “ Survivor Informed Peer Support” specifically tailored to survivors of traumatic events and specialty populations like first responders. Most recently I partnered with grief experts to establish a grief based peer support model by integrating the TAPS bereavement model stages; Safety & stabilization, healthy grief journey and meaning making into my Survivor Informed Peer Support model to customize peer based emotional support for military family loss survivors at the Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors.  Meanwhile as floods and fires rage in Tennessee and California I have been privileged to see leaders in peer/crisis support from the Northern Tennessee Disaster Strike Team and Cal Fire’s Peer response units redefine their existing peer service support with innovation and a revised approach to healing using peer based practices in the wake of disasters. Where do we begin to find renewal and resilience as we offer peer support in our communities and agencies in the year ahead?  At Volunpeer (my non-profit), to ensure those in need can give and grow peer support, I have established lessons learned to create the “Volunpeer Commandments for Effective Peer Support”.

Volunpeer Commandment Number One

Define the peer support needed. Ask yourself is peer support prevention, intervention or Postvention? Ask is my team or intervention “Culturally competent “ and able to respond to the various levels of care needed? Are my clinical and mutual aid resources needed? Do not use a “ cookie cutter” approach or what worked for you years ago. DEFINE the peer support need 

Volunpeer Commandment Two 

Refine your peer support service provision. Whether it is team members , follow up options, or community connections refine your peer support specific to those you are serving 

Volunpeer Commandment Three

Review best practices – SAMShA ,ICISF, IACP, IAFF, 988 , and the APA all have peer support best practice guidelines with superb detail and evidenced based practice and research to guide your peer support work. 

Volunpeer Commandment Four

Ensure Clinical Partners w/peer support experience. Partner with clinicians who either are first responder or military or have extensive experience working with your populations to offer comprehensive wrap around care as needed. Peer support is not better or worse than clinical care, it is an enhancement or way to fill a service gap. 

Volunpeer Commandment Five

Embed a Resilience or Wellness model into your approach. Whether you are responding in a crisis or disaster, integrate follow up access to resilience or wellness material or resources. 

Volunpeer Commandment Six

Establish Peer Support for your peer supporters- Ensure from recruitment through transition your peer team members have outlets and access to peer support for each other to ensure self care and avoid compassion fatigue. 

Volunpeer Commandment Seven

Use a data informed approach to peer support- Research who you serve, unique aspects of the crisis or disaster you are responding to in every response. 

Volunpeer Commandment Eight

Assess your personal Resilience Skills in each peer intervention – Using  Seligmans six skills of resilience; self awareness, self regulation, mental agility, connection, optimism and strength of character to assess your best and worst resilience skill. 

Volunpeer Commandment Nine

Adapt a variety of peer connections – Consider peer support phone, text, live chat, online, in person, group, and of course all CISM interventions and models with each new request. Expanding ways to offer peer support in whatever way possible offers shared lived experience and connection. 

Volunpeer Commandment Ten

Boundaries- No “ Peers gone wild!” Stay in your lane In the hyper vigilance of the disaster response or crisis need. Avoid temptation and do not get lured into doing more than you’re capable of due to a “ selfless servant” mentality. Although many peers are heroic first responders in their everyday lives, saying “ no” and finding the best possible resource even when it’s not your team will ensure the most effective peer intervention every time. 

We all have limits, triggers, and life circumstances that can contaminate our efforts and impact the quality of the peer support we offer. If you are not the best person or team to help, find out who is and make the connections to ensure healing and peer connections. My life has been immersed in peer support for decades as it transforms lives, comforts those in need, combats isolation and allows us to use our shared lived experience to serve others. Let’s keep rising as we lift others, connected as peers in service to others. 

Cherie Castellano, along with Dr. George Everly, will be presenting their course “Crisis Informed Peer Paracounseling: Intervention Enhancement to the CISM Continuum“ to participants in Pre-Congress and as part of the ICISF Approved Candidate Program at World Congress 18: Resolve to Evolve.  Learn More: www.icisfworldcongress.org

Contact Information:

Cherie Castellano

www.volunpeer.us 

[email protected] 

551-312-7578 

February 17, 2025

Supporting Yourself with Self-Care: The Role of a Critical Incident Response

By: Janeen Baggette

First responders face immense physical and emotional challenges, and Critical Incident Response K9s are helping them cope in powerful ways. These specially trained dogs offer stress detection, emotional support, and a calming presence, playing a vital role in mental wellness on the front lines.

Psychological Body Armor™

By: George S. Everly, Jr., PhD, ABPP, CCISM

Resilience helps us bounce back from adversity, but what if we could “immunize” ourselves against stress? First responders, healthcare workers, and others face physical and psychological dangers daily. While they wear body armor for physical protection, shouldn’t they also learn to use Psychological Body Armor™ to safeguard their mental well-being? This book explores how to do just that, based on the latest science.

“It’s not the load that breaks you down, it’s the way you carry it.”

– Lou Holtz

ICISF World Congress 18 Registration Is Open!

“Self-care is not selfish. You cannot serve from an empty vessel.”

– Eleanor Brownn

February 6, 2025

K9’s For Freedom & Independence

PO Box 136 Collinsville TX 76233 www.k9sforfreedom.org 360-471-1067c

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Supporting Yourself with Self-Care: The Role of a Critical Incident Response K9

First responders face unique challenges every day—exposure to trauma, high-pressure situations, and long hours can take a significant toll on physical and mental health. It’s no surprise that stress, anxiety, and burnout are common in these professions. While traditional self-care practices like exercise, healthy eating, and mindfulness are essential, incorporating a Critical Incident Response Team (CIRT) K9 into wellness strategies offers an innovative and impactful way to support first responders.

These highly trained dogs are more than companions—they are working partners skilled in detecting and responding to stress. Let’s explore how a CIRT K9 can play a pivotal role in self-care and wellness for those who serve on the front lines.

Understanding the Role of a CIRT K9

Critical Incident Response K9s are specifically trained to assist first responders during and after high-stress incidents. Unlike therapy or emotional support animals, CIRT K9s are skilled in:

  • Recognizing biological and behavioral changes associated with stress or trauma.
  • Alerting their handler to signs of distress, often before the individual is consciously aware of it.
  • Providing comfort and grounding in overwhelming or high-pressure situations.

These dogs are selected for their temperament, adaptability, and ability to form strong bonds with their handlers. Whether responding to a critical incident or providing support during day-to-day duties, they help first responders stay grounded and focused.

Self-Care Benefits of Working with a CIRT K9

  1. Emotional Support Without Stigma: First responders often feel hesitant to seek help for fear of appearing weak or vulnerable. A CIRT K9 provides quiet, nonjudgmental support, helping individuals process emotions without the stigma sometimes associated with seeking professional help.
  1. Stress Detection and Grounding: These dogs are trained to sense changes in heart rate, breathing, and body language that indicate heightened stress or anxiety. By alerting their handler, they encourage self-awareness and help prevent emotional overwhelm.
  2. Facilitating Peer Support: A CIRT K9 is not only a resource for their handler but also for the entire team. Their calming presence can improve morale, foster connection, and provide comfort during debriefings or critical incident stress management sessions.
  3. Enhanced Focus and Resilience: The bond between a handler and their K9 creates a unique partnership. Working with the dog requires being present and engaged, which can improve focus and provide a sense of purpose, even in difficult moments.
  4. Encouraging Routine and Physical Activity: Caring for a CIRT K9 encourages structure, as handlers must prioritize tasks like feeding, grooming, and regular exercise. This routine can help first responders establish healthier habits, contributing to overall wellness.

The Bigger Picture: Supporting Each Other

The integration of CIRT K9s into self-care routines highlights a larger message: we must take care of each other. In professions where the demands are overwhelming and the pressures unrelenting, having a reliable partner—whether two-legged or four-legged—can make all the difference.

CIRT K9s are not just dogs; they are lifesavers, morale boosters, and quiet reminders to prioritize mental and emotional well-being. By embracing their support, first responders can better manage the challenges of their roles, build resilience, and ultimately improve their quality of life—on and off duty.

Let’s ensure that the people who dedicate their lives to protecting and serving others have the tools, resources, and partnerships they need to thrive. A CIRT K9 might just be the partner that changes everything.

Janeen Baggette

K9’s For Freedom & Independence

Founder/Chairman

January 15, 2025
CISM News: Crisis preparedness, readiness January 2025

Welcome to our January blog,

New Beginnings: Preparedness & Readiness For Crisis Situations

As we kick off the new year, we focus on equipping you with the tools and knowledge needed to stay prepared for any crisis. This month, we’re highlighting ICISF virtual training designed to strengthen resilience and enhance crisis response skills. Refreshing your CISM knowledge is essential to maintaining readiness and confidence in high-stress situations. Let’s make 2025 a year of proactive preparation, ensuring you and your team are fully equipped to handle any challenge that comes your way.

Police officer writing in a notebook outdoors.

I Have Seen It Work At Least Once

By: J. Eric Skidmore

This article shares a powerful and proven model for supporting law enforcement officers and first responders—a collaboration between peers, mental health professionals, and chaplains. Learn how this unique “Helping Triad” approach has transformed care in South Carolina’s law enforcement and could be the key to fostering better support in your department.

Eclipse over Earth, psychology book cover.

ICISF’S RESOURCE: “Disasters – Psychological Elements and Operational Guidelines”

 

By: Dr. Jeffrey T. Mitchell

This book addresses the emotional impact of disasters, offering essential guidance for disaster response and crisis intervention personnel. Dr. Mitchell draws on his 50 years of experience to provide powerful insights and strategies that will equip you to support communities in their darkest hours.

“The ultimate measure of a man is not where he stands in the moments of comfort, but where he stands at times of challenge and controversy.”

— Martin Luther King, Jr.

Crisis Journal Article of The Month

The Power of Preparedness in Crisis Response Work

Rather than fear and try to avoid a crisis, a fool’s errand at best, perhaps we should accept the inevitability of crisis and prepare for, if not embrace, it.”

– George S. Everly, Jr. PhD, ABPP, FACLP (ICISF Co-Founder)

January 9, 2025

I Have Seen It Work At Least Once 

J. Eric Skidmore

Program Manager: SC Law Enforcement Assistance Program 

State Police Chaplain 

Thirty-four years ago, I departed Union Seminary in Richmond, Virginia and I began my work on the staff of a large Protestant Church in Columbia, SC.  As a young parish minister, I was always looking for practical programs which would assist my congregation as it carried out its ministry in the Midlands of South Carolina.  A small group of young associate pastors (me included) formed a learning-type group which we called “I Have Seen It Work At Least Once”.   In the group we shared our latest tools on preaching, teaching, pastoral care, evangelism, stewardship, missions, etc. The only criteria for sharing with the group was the fact that the sharer had seen the technique work at least once.  Little did I know that after 7 years of parish ministry I would shift over to service with the State Police, serving as a Public Safety Chaplain and program manager for The South Carolina Law Enforcement Assistance Program. (SCLEAP). 

SCLEAP is much like an internal EAP which serves 17,000 state cops, local cops, non-sworn staff and the family members of these three groups.  What began as a chaplaincy program has now morphed into a multi-component program which includes a host of services:   

Examples 

  • Peer Support to LE in all 46 counties of the State 
  • Basic Peer Team Training 
  • Advanced Peer Team Training 
  • ICISF Approved Instructor Candidate Program 
  • Public Safety Chaplaincy Services 
  • Public Safety Chaplaincy Training (Classroom and CPE) 
  • Post Critical Incident Seminars (14 states) 
  • Post Deployment Seminars  
  • Traumatic Loss Seminars 
  • Addiction Services 
  • Training for Mental Health Professionals (EMDR/Grief) 
  • Retreat House – Mountains of NC 
  • Suicide Prevention, Intervention, Follow Up Care 
  • Referral Services to Clinical Care 

If someone asked me what I have seen work at least once over the last 25+ years as SCLEAP has sought to provide support and assistance to the law enforcement community, I would say start with one key practice.  If we have had any success over the years, it has been rooted in what *Drs. Nancy Bohl and Kathy Wellbrock of the Counseling Team International in San Bernadino, CA call “The Helping Triad”.  These are Peers, Mental Health Professionals and Chaplains working shoulder to shoulder in partnership, providing services to the men and women in the field.  We train together, we deploy together and we stay together. 

This method of care is not easily done.   Sometimes the chaplains and mhps insist on being the leaders of all the interventions.  Sometimes the peers get frustrated with the chaplains and/or the mhps and shut them out of the process completely.   Sometimes there is no support from the command staff or blocking moves made by the middle managers.  Sometimes previous efforts at peer support were so poorly done the current administration is completely resistant to peer-based support regardless of how well trained and experienced the team may be.   Sometimes we are simply defeated by the public safety culture itself which cannot see the value of one cop helping another cop get through some of the most difficult days of his/her career. 

Dr. Bohl reports a type of failure which she sees happen again and again.  “Not only do the three kinds of would-be helpers (peers, chaplains, mhps) fail to synchronize their efforts, but also, they behave as though they are adversaries.  Each downplays the role of the others and strives to show that the help they offer is what is most needed and wanted.” 

When competitiveness can be put aside and the three groups work together, the “The Helping Triad” model becomes the secret sauce for a successful team.   You may ask: “how can we make this work in my department?”   The starting place is Training.  When you hold your basic CISM Trainings, be sure you include Peers, Chaplains and MHPs all in the same class.  Do the same when you hold Advanced Trainings [Suicide, Grief, Line of Duty Death (LODD), Adv. Individuals in Crisis/Group Crisis Intervention, Strategic Planning, Stress Management]. 

Our personnel are not all the same.  Some staff respond well to the academic training and credentials of a mental health professional.   Some respond well to a “spiritual care” approach provided by the chaplain.   Some cops respond to other cops who they feel will better understand their struggles. 

The Helping Triad embraces the idea that “one type of helper does not fit everyone”.  Try training together and deploying together.  Demonstrate to the agency that all three types of helpers can work together for the health, wellness and common good of the men and women with whom they serve.   

I have seen this approach work more than once! 

*The Power of the Helping Triad, by Nancy K. Bohl-Penrod, PhD., Director and Kathy Wellbrock, PhD., Assistant Director, The Counseling Team International. 

 

Rev. Dr. J. Eric Skidmore 

Program Manager, SCLEAP/State Police Chaplain 

803-206-8961  [email protected]  

Man in suit with American flag background.